I was initially going to call this trip report a “Wynn-Wynn
situation”. After the events that took place, I was going to call it “This trip
report is so depressing, you probably shouldn’t even read it”. But things did
look up! But you have to wonder about the quality of a trip when staying at Circus
Circus was the highlight!
---------------------------------------------------
Mon Dec 8
I still had work over my head.
I promised myself I would finish all of my work before going
on a Vegas trip, after the stress of last time. But this time I had no control
over the situation.
I had taken my area qualifying exam, awaiting the results
and preparing to revise any issues my committee may have had.
I brought 200 scholarly articles with me—you know, only the
critical ones—to Vegas just in case. Almost 5 weeks after enduring it, the
results for my 60-page examination was still not in.
From my head to toe, I was
breaking down emotionally and physically from the stress of preparing, taking
the exam, awaiting the results and possibly having to revise the exam and await
the results again.
I also had to complete another assignment for my advisor,
for whom I am writing a manuscript.
The pressure was on.
Articles, book summaries and laptop in tow, I prepared for 4
nights luxuriating at the Wynn, while wrapping up these things of life that
really shouldn’t matter. And what better place to do it?
Exhaustion is an understatement to how I felt when I got to
the airport. And, what do you know, I had so kindly booked a flight with not
one but two stops. FML.
Somehow I flew from the east coast to New Orleans, and then
found myself in Los Angeles, before now coming to Vegas.
While in LAX, I heard a call for oversold seats and a $100
flight credit on Southwest for taking just an hour later flight. As exhausted as
I was, I did not want to leave even an hour later for that small sum. But after
much thought, I figured, eh what the hell, I could use it for my next trip.
Twenty minutes later, I ask the rep if all the flight credits have been taken
and *no one* had even come up to the desk yet. Lucky me! Now, the agent offered
me $100 flight credit plus the base of whatever I had paid for the flight
($145) which totaled a $245 flight credit.
And technically now my entire
roundtrip flight was free, because my other flight was paid for in points! PLUS
I could find some deals and get my next roundtrip free! SCOORRE! This was my
first win. I used my flight credit and booked my next trip immediately right
there in the airport! Things were truly looking up.
WYNN
I arrived in Vegas practically slumped over, as I had a
discomfort in my knee and that extra hour truly did weigh on me. They say grad
school causes premature aging. I wanted sleep and I could not wait to just
chill in my Wynn room and lay on the pillow of life, after soaking all the
tensions out of my body in the bathroom of life.
I came up to the Wynn desk about to fall over.
And I forgot that I had not paid the full balance, which I
typically do. I had to tell the agent I would be right back. Mortification. Not
having paid the balance yet would cut into the budget I had to play at Wynn. I
guess I had had prelim brain when I had booked. Could it be grad-school-specific
Alzheimer’s?
It was only a $300 difference. But what’s worse, I checked
my account to work it out and an extra $300 was taken out of my account because
apparently the flight I had booked with the flight credit….hadn’t taken the flight
credit. My brain was so blown at this moment, I pretty much shut down. The
world was wobbly.
Luckily the first night at Wynn was comped so I went back to
the desk, completely worn, and asked them to plainly cancel the trip. Tears.
Plain tears. Personally embarrassing.
I was officially vacay homeless for 4 nights.
GOLDEN GATE
Downtown I went.
Fortunately I had comps at Golden Gate downtown. Serious
downgrade. BUT it was a bed…and a cozy one. I booked 2 free nights which came
with $15 dining credit and $10 freeplay. It was sufficient and I was
appreciative.
But all the plans of going to the Wynn buffet or Wazuzu, watching
movies on the TV, lazing and luxuriating on a cloud, getting free credit and
pampering myself at the spa, had to go away. Drained, I cried myself to sleep.
Tues Dec 9
GOLDEN GATE
I had to constantly remind myself I am in Vegas. I am in
Vegas. I am in Vegas. Because, honestly it would not penetrate. I had work to
do.
I forced myself to go to my lovely DuPars and eat French toast
with my dining credit. I also tasted a pancake. Not as great as they once were
where the crust was light and crispy and the inside was also light, soaking up
the butter and syrup. Now the pancakes taste a lot more filling, like the mix
is more rich, less light. Still tastes good. The French toast was just great as
always.
I forced myself to play for future comps. I played on the
good ol’ MJ slot and it wasn’t paying. I played Munsters and the Addams Family
slots at 9 cents per spin and got several points from sitting on these machines
for hours, banging it a bit to ease my tension. I pretty much stayed even. Over
3 hours, I played through $300 but I only used $60.
I intended to play only $60 bucks the entire trip since the
trip just was not as worth it anymore. Since I still had $60 after all my play,
I was excited to still have a bankroll.
TROPICANA CINEMAS
I decided to take a long ride out to Tropicana Cinemas and
watch $1 movies. I saw Maze Runner…and I thought it was meh. When I got back to
the strip, I looked through Marshalls and did not find anything I liked.
MERMAIDS
I went back downtown and got a hot dog (the bun was particularly nice this evening) and fried oreos at
Mermaids (they are completely renovating!) for $2 and called it a night—work still over my head.
Wed Dec 10
GOLDEN GATE
I decided that the work I still had to do was negatively
affecting my trip, and darkly coloring all the wonder I knew was around me but
I could not truly see.
But I had to wait until I moved over to Flamingo for the next
couple nights, where the resort fee will give me “complimentary” internet, to
do the work.
I tried my best to enjoy my time. However, usually I have a
tight, well-planned schedule for my trips, and the issue with not staying at
Wynn threw not one, not two but all my major plans for these 4 days off. I was
planless and had to create them. But I didn’t do the whim thing so I had to map
out how to rearrange my days and receive maximum entertainment value.
I also was lackadaisical about using money at this point
because I no longer saw the reason, given the high entertainment value I had
initially planned was now crushed. So I rebudgeted the trip as super-uber
frugal.
I was so lucky to find the GO two queen view rooms at Flamingo
comped on my TR account, making the 4 days I would have paid and stayed at Wynn
otherwise completely comped.
Waiting to get to Flamingo meant I had to enjoy another day,
forcing myself to see light where grad school had created clouds.
But I opened my school email and my advisor informed me that
my entire committee had agreed to outright *pass* me on my area qualifying
exam. I blinked. I blinked rapidly. I closed out the email, opened it and
re-read it again. Closed again. Opened again. Wiped my eyes. Read it again. Did
this repeatedly until it sunk in.
Oh the horror!
I mourned bitterly. Only grad school can give you the same
very reaction to success as to failure.
As with the statistics qualifying exam I had taken anonymously
and had passed unanimously in August where no one else in my cohort who took it this summer had passed
outright, I had also passed outright my area qualifying exam where few students
in the history of my department had gone before.
The mourning reaction was that the task was finally over. My
brain and my body could finally be relieved of all of its traumas. I never in a
million years thought that getting a doctorate would be as traumatic as people
so claimed. I used to laugh about it. Laughing has ceased.
A 17-page list of references. No, not a 17-page paper. Just
17 pages of references. 60 pages of my entire area. Covering my entire area.
About 70 seminal books and 200 articles. And this is not even the dissertation.
Passing the area exam meant that I only had one more task to
complete of the work I had to do—a literature review on my advisor’s
manuscript. That alone was a huge task but I will gladly take the relief.
FLAMINGO
Checked into Flamingo. A glorious room with a glorious view
I received.
Work still clouded my vision. But I needed to enjoy this. I
rarely get good comps and I counted this as a very good one. . I had until Friday
to get it in as that was the officially last day. Procrastination commence.
ELLIS ISLAND
Ate BBQ with my 50% LVA coupon. Loved it! Tender and tasty.
Glad it tastes just like the first time.
FLAMINGO
I hit up the slots and they were all cold. I did not like
them.
QUAD/LINQ
I hit an old 777, cherry type of slot from the distant past
and was playing 9 cents per spin. I stayed in the game with my $60 and racked
up some points but then I get tempted by the fact that a lady behind me had
just won $400, so I started finding “funner”, brighter, more new, shiny slots
with 40 and 50 cent minimum bets. I need to always remind myself to stick to
the old slots!
I finished up my $60 quickly. So I went to the ATM and took
out another $60. Since I had just lost, I proceeded to the corner near the
elevator where the slots were hot for me last trip.
And do you know what? ALL
of the Michael Jackson slots (and all of the Cheers slots were gone). All of my
personal ATMs from last trip, which helped me get the huge amount of points
which allowed me to be comped at Flamingo now, were gone. I asked the slot
people and they confirmed that they were all gone, taken out, eradicated. In
fact, the slot person I asked said that I was the third person to ask about the
Micheal Jackson slots that day. They
must have seen how much money people were making on those machines. Thus, I
proceeded to plunk my new $60 away in all the losing machines they had left.
I was really only playing to relieve my extreme anxiety
about this manuscript. And like I was tell myself, I should never play when I
am moody. I should only play when I am happy. My mood can ruin things.
HARRAHS
I went ahead and fed into the extreme anxiety and went
against all my plans to stick to a $60 bankroll for the entire trip. I took out
another $40 at Harrahs and proceeded to move around to find good slots.
After getting down to $20, I found a Buffalo bank that was
so hot, one woman was almost at $1000 from back to back wins. The security
hinted to me that that bank had been hot
since yesterday (someone had won $1500 the prior day), so I hopped on! And
while every machine was hot and getting big or small hits, mine was cold,
giving no hits whatsoever. It must have been my energy.
I finished up again, and took out another $60 bucks from the
atm. ONE last shot I told myself. Even though this was going no where. This was
my third straight atm withdrawal in less than two hours.
And…I came out with nothing. I felt terrible. Horrible. Of course this was extremely well within my
initial budget for the trip (having wanted to keep comps at the luxurious Wynn,
plus subsequently not staying at Wynn saved uber dollars) but this was bad,
bad, bad for a super-uber frugal trip.
Down $220, cycled through only $600 (which was a testament
to how much I was losing—could barely win even a little bit after upping the
bet…at least with my 9 cent bet, I was winning $1), and played between 2 and 3
hours BUT given that this is CET and I split it between 3 properties, this play
couldn’t be much good.
FLAMINGO
Shuffling my feet, I hit Margaritaville casino, walking by
all the rodeo guys and gals. Hit the atm for the fourth time that evening for
$20. It is never this bad. Usually I used the atm possibly once every few days.
I just wanted to have fun and remove these procrastination-guilt feelings.
Luckily a Sex in the City machine came through. I hit two bonuses and cashed
out at $80. Total profit was only $60 but I’d take that to the bank! It was my
first win all night.
Now I was down only $160…and that felt much better. Even
better, I learned that they were waiving my resort fees at Flamingo for no
apparent reason, so I psychologically counted the extra $60 I lost as what I
would have “lost” if I paid the resort fees, which, if a psyched myself out,
only meant that I lost $100 total! I could *live* with that!
Thurs Dec 11
FLAMINGO
I realized this morning that I was also moody because for
several days while I was in vegas, it was not sunny outside. I am not used to a
cloudy Vegas but it sure was. When I opened up my curtains to see the view, I
was unimpressed because of the clouds.
PLANET HOLLYWOOD
To perk up my spirits, I ate at the spice market lunch buffet
for $15 using the 25% coupon. Tasty. Let me not forget the awesome meatloaf and
mashed potatoes I discovered here. Or the vanilla custard, strawberries and
whip cream. They also have Krispy Kreme donuts here at breakfast.
FLAMINGO
Back at Flamingo, continued procrastination. Played on the
internet for hours, anticipating getting work done.
No such thing.
LINQ
Did I tell you how dead the LINQ hotel is? Without the
dealertainers, the casino felt lifeless. There was no music, no energy, no
excitement…and of course all the good slots were gone. This was nothing like its
original incarnation.
I also find the new carpet drab.
I had a groupon for Recycled Percussion that I wanted to use
for tonight but apparently the boys wouldn’t be playing until Dec 23, at which
point I would be gone. It was bad enough all the shows I had wanted to see were
dark this trip. Annoyance.
FLAMINGO
Procrastination.
Fri Dec 12
FLAMINGO
It was the final day to do it, but I got it done.
Checked my
grades. All good. Happiness.
Got all my next courses registered. Happiness.
Finished up the manuscript literature review. Happiness.
Half way through my
trip, I was FINALLY free!
MANDALAY BAY
Checked into my Great Room Suite at MB (I was lucky to find
this for $65 on a Friday night through booking.com), and I agree with many VMB
members on how underwhelming this room is if you are expecting a suite. This is
no suite, just a room (a suitable bed and nice bathroom). For what I paid, I
was not complaining. It was a large space but it did not feel that much bigger
than standard.
But it felt like HEAVEN, because I was on top of the whole
world…and with my view from the top of MB, it really felt like so.
It was rainy, but the rain could not bring me down. I was
free. And free indeed. This was how I was supposed to feel at the beginning of
a trip.
I jumped and hopped all around the room. I drew a bath in
the spa tub (the bathroom was much smaller than I imagined). I turned on the
TVs. I turned up the radio and just listened to all types of music while
dancing and prancing around the room. You couldn’t tell me nothing!
I think I lied. This in fact was the highlight of my trip.
This very moment in a nice “suite” with lovely sounds of good music, running
water, ocean waves sounds on the TV, with floor-to-ceiling Strip views behind
my bed. Bliss.
Simulation of an aquarium on the television |
The spa tub was very nice, and I enjoyed every bit of it.
Hit up Slice with a restaurant.com coupon. Tried a dish and
a pizza. Meh. Would not come back.
LUXOR
Saw Carrot Top for $37. Entertaining and definitely funny. Because
his routine changes, I would watch it again.
MANDALAY BAY
Walked by eyecandy but never came back to dance. Spent the
night watching Frankie and Alice with Halle Berry, which was a great movie.
Used the stereo to simulate a club setting and jammed out a little. Used the spa
tub to relax all the muscles, for what made a good night.
Sat Dec 13
MANDALAY BAY
Turned up the stereo to listen to more tunes and embrace the
ambiance. I could finally feel that I was in Vegas. Went to the lovely, lovely,
lovely spa at 7 am (charged $25 to the room) and stayed for 3 hours in the hot
tub, sauna and steam room.
Came back and watched the movie Belle. I enjoyed it.
EXCALIBUR
Ate at Buca di Beppo for lunch (they have nice specials). I
ordered a baked ziti and an Italian crème cake. Buca is Buca--great. Can you imagine that that cake
was $14? Can you imagine that after tasting it this second time around, I happily
paid it…and would pay it again? OMG. I dreamed of this cake being catered for
my future wedding. Let me not forget that I need raspberry sauce and mascarpone
cream in a lemon cake for my wedding. That cake is life.
CIRCUS CIRCUS
Checked into Circus Circus which I received comped through
MyVEGAS. I would be in Circus Circus for 4 nights straight in a fav room of
mine: the Casino Tower King room. Beautiful royal purple envelopes the bed.
What made this trip so exciting was how the front desk lady
treated me. Usually Circus Circus keeps all my MyVegas nights separate, telling
me I have to check out and check in again every day of the trip.
This front desk lady not only connected all my nights so I
don’t have to check in again, she charged me the old resort fee because that’s
what it was at the time of booking, she did not do an incidental hold (which I
used to love about cheap hotels in Vegas before), and she literally gave me a
few fun booklets with a ton of savings to make up for having booked multiple
reservations.
Why is this so important to me? She did this without me asking
her, she did it without me offering anything, and she did it cheerfully just
wanting to please me. Oh my God! I was so happy. Usually Circus Circus reps get
a little surly with me about every little thing even though these are basic
things that should be no problem at all. I never ask for multiple fun booklets
though, so that was quite kind of her.
I tipped her $20 bucks just for being her.
She was so happy and confused.
I skipped to my lovely room. I am also in love with the
carpet on the Casino Tower floor; it makes me feel very cozy. Four nights
comped--$60 total for resort fees—I am winning….finally.
WYNN
I headed over to Wynn to put some slot points on my card,
and ultimately use the freeplay I had accumulated.
I started off slowly playing *only* slots with 30 cents
minimum bets or less. I stuck with this plan throughout the session.
I would play a dollar or so to find out if the machine was
hitting or not…At 4 units of 30 cents, this is enough for me to feel the
machine. I hit up a ton of machines in this range. Though Wynn’s slot area is
so deceptive that you do not realize when the denomination has changed. I put
in $5 and played a few units, only to see the whole $4-5 get eaten up in one
spin on a higher denomination that I had not checked for. Lesson learned…again
and again.
I hopped onto one of those penny machines with the pigs,
cherries and pennies…not sure what it’s called.
And I was doing fairly well,
especially when it came to recycling money and racking up points.
My good ol’ HOOT LOOT machine in the back was as cold as ice….so
were all others in the back.
I also found the Cleopatra machine and Da Vinci Diamonds
machines to be fun and give a good time. I put in $5 and got back $20 from
Cleopatra. The game with Tabasco sauce was good too at 9 cents a spin. I put in
$5 and got near $20. Also a Buffalo machine off to the side gave me a cool $40
hit after putting in $5.
I had only started the session with $80 bucks, turned my
money into all $5 bills and just enjoyed the casino like it was an arcade.
After I looked around, I went back to the machines I liked.
The penny-penny machine I played at 32 cent per spin. When I
went back, I put in $5, and I hit for $80 bucks! I was so excited!! I finally
felt like I was in the game this trip. I cashed out at $70 and put in another
$5 and hit another $70. Cashed out. WHOOOOO!!! Yeaaaaah! I now have $140 in
hand.
With my $20 in freeplay I had accumulated, I go back to Cleopatra,
tabasco, da vinci, buffalo and I have fun. I take another $5 and play the
buffalo near the restaurant off to the side in the middle of the casino. Within
a few minutes, I hit for a total of $150!!! I cash out at $140. I racked up 600 points in
3 hours, which is not much but at least I used my freeplay!
I truly feel that the random tip I gave the front desk lady
gave me good Karma. I walked out of Wynn with $280. I had officially won back
everything I lost plus more!
PARIS
I watched Jersey Boys for the second time and while I
enjoyed it, I kept nodding off probably from all the activity from the day.
CIRCUS CIRCUS
I used my fun booklets to get a few midway games in. And I
won a teddy bear! I call it Baby!
Afterwards, I could not resist the Krispy Kreme. We can’t
win all the time…alternatively, we keep winning.
Sun Dec 14
CIRCUS CIRCUS
Played some arcade (fun car, truck, motorcycle and boat
simulators though I prefer the space at Fun Dungeon in Excalibur) and midway
games, and then I browsed at Ross and found nothing interesting.
RIVIERA
I was finally able to play $1 BJ on the Riv tables (they
also have $3 and $5 tables regularly!) after several attempts the past few
trips. The trick is to come around 5am! Haha. Those tables are always packed.
Just be mindful that BJ pays 1:1 on $1 BJ.
While waiting about an hour to get a spot on the table, I
chatted up this UK guy from a country named Jersey who was also waiting for a
spot. Apparently in a country he suggests is smaller than a London airport, it
is a norm for people to take yearlong vacations….hmmm can I live there? It is
also a country that people hoard dough tax-free.
He liked vegas but he found it too expensive. He had been
traveling all over the world and his next stop was New Orleans which he was
really looking forward to because he is into jazz. Because he was soon ending
his trip and he was low on cash, I gave him one of my ACG Riviera comedy
coupons to use with his girlfriend who craved to see a show. He was appreciative!
I only played $20 and it all went away but it was nice. I
smiled walking away.
M&M SOUL FOOD
Used a restaurant.com coupon to indulge in this lovely
place. The waffles, yams, koolaid and complimentary cornbread pancakes were
smashing. The oxtails were good too.
RIVIERA
Watched comedians at the comedy club using the free ACG
coupon, and as always they were recycled comics I had already seen at Riviera,
Ballys and Rio before. At this point, though it has long since been my favorite
coupon, it is now time to give it a rest. Still great comedy.
Used the arcade at Riviera and played fun car games.
Then used their $1 massage chair which is beginning to
unnerve me. It squeezes my calves way too tight—it feels like it’s checking my
blood pressure. And then it tries to massage my butt area by making a poking
motion….it is rudely uncomfortable and I am sure some guys would have a hard
time using these chairs again.
I should probably stick to the nice massage chair near the
monorail in the back of LINQ hotel (hope they still have it). No poking.
Mon Dec 15
PALMS
Took out $40 and played through it rather quickly at the
Palms even at 30 cent minimum machines. Used a 50% off Nathans coupon for fries,
paid $2.50, and bought my new-and-improved cheap Mcds order. I get a plain
cheeseburger with just cheese and add mac sauce with shredded lettuce. A
bootlegged Big Mac. A simulated Mac Jr. Costs about $1.60 and hits the spot.
Came to Palms to watch $5 Movie Mondays. Paid $10 for two
movies. Like much of the entertainment this trip, the movies I most looked
forward to were lacking. Hunger Games was so dark…like in color. Most of the
other Hunger Games were colorful, beautiful, aesthetically pleasing, which is
mostly why I watch it lol.
The themes of course have always been dark. Even the lady
who usually has crazy, colorful makeup had none on. Maybe it is because they
are mourning as a cast. It was just awful in that regard.
The movie Top Five had an amazing cast (including Cedric the
Entertainment, Seinfeld, Whoopi Goldberg, Gabrielle Union, Kevin Hart) and was
created by the intelligent comedian Chris Rock. But it was so terrible. It was
painful to watch.
RIVIERA
Played some more $1 BJ. Put $20 on the table. Lost it all.
But when I first started going to the
casino, there were $1 tables and THAT’S when playing was fun. This felt like
pure, unadulterated fun. I felt happy even when I lost because I received some
entertainment value!
I played for at least an hour. The dealer kept getting 10s
and blackjack. This is a great way to relax and just have fun. I once traveled
all the way to joker’s wild casino for $1 craps and western for $1 BJ…how
refreshing it is to have it on the strip!
I played some more arcade games and used the poking massage
chair.
I saw 40 is the new 20. I bought the tickets on
halfpriceshows.com for $26. Even though it is well-rated on yelp, I thought it
was a little lame. Not a ton of laughs. But it may have been the night because
the following Riviera comedy show afterwards was so light on laughs, the
comedian resorted to notes to find anything funny to make the dry crowd laugh.
It was the most tense comedy show I had ever been to because the comedian kept
saying repeatedly “I feel like I am holding you guys”…and I have never felt
like that at a comedy club before but I kept thinking, “oh my gosh, when is
this going to be over?” Goodnight comedy at Riviera…for a while crocodile.
Tues Dec 16
GOLD COAST
Paid $2 after using all of my points on a lunch buffet, and
it certainly wasn’t worth it because in all my trips, it was the first time I
could not find things I liked. They had no strawberry cheesecake soft serve and
no good pound cake anymore, which were my fav parts of the buffet. The options
were not to my taste, so after a plate of barely eaten food, I left.
ORLEANS
I watched the boring movie Interstellar for $5 Movie
Tuesdays at the Orleans. I could only make it through an hour of the total 3
hours. I watched the Pyramid and though it got bad reviews, it saved the
entertainment value of most of the trip because I was thoroughly entertained! I
got some In-and-Out burger…and for the 3rd time, I was very
underwhelmed. When will I give up on this chain? I keep wanting to see what I
have not seen.
WYNN
I took out $60 to do a last hurrah. I won up to $120 on the
buffalo machine off to the side, and when I was trying to cash it out, there
was line to the machine.
And on my way to the cashier, I fell for the biggest
psychological trick in the game…I got disoriented by the carpet colors and the
slot arrangement, being lured by all the pretty slots. Thoughts: “I’ll just bet
this one time before I get over there”. One machine. Two machine. Three
machine. All gone.
I was at 100% profit for the session and I lost everything. Then
I wanted to chase so I took out another $40 and lost that too. It was my final
night. So much for Wynn-Wynn.
As you can tell the joy of the trip shifted around Mandalay
Bay after freedom from bondage and confusion, improving along the way. But
entertainment overall was gravely lacking for me…and as you may have noticed,
it was too cold and dreary to use a pool. Typically entertainment is 90-10; it
was 50-50 this time.
Relaxing, entertainment, ambiance, sunny weather, and going
to the pool settings most entice me about Vegas…and let’s say the polls were
down slightly in all areas.
This was definitely a least favorite trip for me like March
2012, but it could have been worse.
However, another thing that entices me about Vegas is the
opportunities to use my frugal muscles and that’s what this trip turned into.
1- 2 free roundtrip flights more or less
2- 4 nights comped at Circus Circus, 2 nights
comped at Golden Gate, 2 nights comped in a GO view at Flamingo and a $65 suite
on the weekend night in Mandalay Bay, for a total of $65 (not including resort
fees) for a 9-day trip!
3- Lost only $200 bucks total playing-wise
4- Coupon savings on all my meals (or complimentary)
5- Uber-low entertainment options: $5 Movie days at
Palms and Orleans, $1 movie day at Tropicana Cinemas, $1 BJ at Riviera
Hakuna Matata. No qualms.